DHT

DHT
Status	Stable
menuconfig	I/O->Humidity & temperature sensors->DHT 11/22
Pinning	yes
Ecmd	yes
Control6	yes
Code	https://github.com/ethersex/ethersex/tree/master/hardware/dht

DHT11/DHT21/DHT22 etc. Temperature & Humidity sensors

These sensors are very basic and slow, but are great for hobbyists who want to do some basic data logging. The DHT sensors are made of two parts, a capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor. There is also a very basic chip inside that does some analog to digital conversion and spits out a digital signal with the temperature and humidity.

DHT11 vs DHT22

There are two versions of the DHT sensor available, they look a bit similar and have the same pinout, but have different characteristics. Here are the specs:

DHT11

• Ultra low cost
• 3 to 5V power and I/O
• 2.5mA max current use during conversion (while requesting data)
• Good for 20-80% humidity readings with 5% accuracy
• Good for 0-50°C temperature readings ±2°C accuracy
• No more than 1 Hz sampling rate (once every second)
• Body size 15.5mm x 12mm x 5.5mm
• 4 pins with 0.1" spacing

DHT22

• Low cost
• 3 to 5V power and I/O
• 2.5mA max current use during conversion (while requesting data)
• Good for 0-100% humidity readings with 2-5% accuracy
• Good for -40 to 125°C temperature readings ±0.5°C accuracy
• No more than 0.5 Hz sampling rate (once every 2 seconds)
• Body size 15.1mm x 25mm x 7.7mm
• 4 pins with 0.1" spacing

Connection

Likewise, it is fairly easy to connect up to the DHT sensors. They have four pins

1. VCC (3 to 5V power)
2. Data out
3. Not connected
4. Ground

Simply ignore pin 3, it is not used. You will want to place a 10K resistor between VCC and the data pin, to act as a medium-strength pull up on the data line.

The data out can be connected to any port pin of the ATmega. Each sensor requires its own port pin for data input.

Configuration

Ethersex polls the sensors every n seconds. The advantage of this feature is that the reading opererates without any noticeable lags. Also it is easier to have multiple applications requesting sensor information since more request will not increase traffic.

 | | I/O  --->
 ...
 [*] Humidity & temperature sensors  --->
 ...
 [*] DHT 11/22  --->
 | |       (DHT11) Sensor type
 | |       (30) Time between polling in 1s steps
 | |            Edit pin configuration/dht/dht_pinning.conf
 | |       [-] SNMP support
 | |       --- ECMD Support
 | |       [x] temp
 | |       [x] humid
 | |       [x] list
 | |       [-] list with values
 | |       --- Debugging Flags
 | |       [ ] DHT

The module has its own pinning file hardware/dht/dht_pinning.conf, that you can edit via the edit menu entry.

 #
 # DHT Configuration File
 #
 # You can assign pins and names to your sensors here.
 #
 # Keep in mind that this names must consist of alphanumeric
 # characters only!
 #
 # Every line starting with a hash sign (#) is a comment.
 #
 #
 # PIN | Name
 #-----+--------------------------
 PB3     keller
 PA3     bad

ECMD

DHT implements an ECMD interface for reading humidity and temperature values. See ECMD reference.

Control6

Humidity and temperature can be accessed in Control6 scripts through the DHT_HUMIDITY and DHT_TEMPERATURE keywords. The values returnd are fixed point integers including one decimal. The following example calculates and outputs the dew point on a LCD once every minute. To output floating point values the floating point printf version is required (Makefile: LDFLAGS += -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt -lm).

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "hardware/lcd/hd44780.h"

CONTROL_START

THREAD(read_dht)

ON ONCE CLOCK_SEC == 0 DO
  float a = 17.271;
  float b = 237.7;
  float temperatur = (a * DHT_TEMPERATURE) / (b + DHT_TEMPERATURE) + log(DHT_HUMIDITY/100);
  float taupunkt = (b * temperatur) / (a - temperatur);

  hd44780_clear();
  hd44780_home();
  fprintf_P(&lcd, PSTR("Taupunkt: %f"), taupunkt);
END
THREAD_END(read_dht)

ON STARTUP DO
  THREAD_START(read_dht);
END

CONTROL_END